Fossil fuels are widely used in automobiles, industry, and power plants, but due to excessive use they are depleting at a rapid rate. This has prompted a search for renewable, sustainable, and ...

Transitions between different electronic energy levels in elements occur at unique energies and intensities, giving each element a distinctive emission spectrum. When the energy of an incident photon ...

Atomic force microscopy (AFM) and infrared (IR) spectroscopy have emerged as complementary techniques that enable the precise characterisation of materials at the nanoscale. AFM provides ...