Data from past proton-electron collisions provide strong evidence of entanglement among the proton's sea of quarks (spheres) and gluons (squiggles), which may play an important role in their ...

During a deeply inelastic collision with a proton, a relativistic electron (highlighted in blue) can emit a high-energy photon (purple here) that penetrates interior of the proton, where it ‘sees’ ...

In March 2024, the CMS collaboration announced the observation of two photons creating two tau leptons in proton–proton collisions. It is the first time that this process has been seen in ...

The ALICE Collaboration takes a step further in addressing the question of whether a quark–gluon plasma can be formed in proton–proton and proton–nucleus collisions. In the first few microseconds ...

Inside the most powerful particle colliders on Earth, protons slam together at nearly the speed of light, shredding matter into a short‑lived fireball of quarks and gluons. For years, physicists ...

Proton-coupled electron transfer (PCET) encompasses reactions in which the movement of an electron is directly linked to the transfer of a proton. This coupling can proceed by sequential ...

High-Luminosity LHC upgrade work has begun at CERN after the Large Hadron Collider logged its final collision on June 27, 2026, entering a four-year, $1.5 billion Long Shutdown 3 program to replace 1.

Scientists at the U.S. Department of Energy's (DOE) Brookhaven National Laboratory and collaborators have a new way to use data from high-energy particle smashups to peer inside protons. Their ...

Scientists have a new way to use data from high-energy particle smashups to peer inside protons. Their approach uses quantum information science to map out how particle tracks streaming from ...